Controlling for the wrong variables
An estimate adjusts for a variable it should leave alone, or leaves out one it needs, so the effect it reports is biased.
Guarded today by
Can be caused by
No component declares that its own use can cause it.
An estimate adjusts for a variable it should leave alone, or leaves out one it needs, so the effect it reports is biased.
No component declares that its own use can cause it.